October 08, 2015

Free from Kata 形から離れる

ある流派を習うということは,その流派の形(型)を練ることを意味する。師の教えに従って,伝わる流派の形をできるだけ忠実に我が物とすることを目指す。もちろん,師から弟子へ伝承される中で,各人の身体的特徴という誤差の蓄積が,流派の形を変えていくことはある。しかし,他の流派との差異があるからこそ,その流派が起こったとすれば,その開祖が示すその流派の形には,他の流派とは明らかに異なる独特の動作,あるいは,説明原理がある。この独自性を保つことが流派を習う,ということである。

一方で,流派を超えたエッセンスはある。例えば空手で言えば,空手の諸流派に通じる空手的身体,あるいは空手的動作法というものがある。これがその術を空手たらしめている。このエッセンスを適切に理解し,我が物とすることを目指すことが,空手という術を習う,ということである。ここには比較的誤差は少ない。なぜならこれこそが,空手という術の極意だからである。伝承者によって表現する言葉や説明の仕方は異なるかもしれないけれども,武術としての空手特有の動作(身体操作)というものがあり,これを探究し修行するのが空手家である。

これとはまた別の次元で,形を離れる,ということがある。流派を習う,空手という術を習う,ということとはまた別のレベルで,自己の身体感覚にのみ従って動く。これは一つの瞑想である。ここには正解はない。各人各様の動きがあり,個人ごとに大きな誤差(個人差)がある。自身の身体の声を傾聴し,それに従ってただ動く。形にこだわず,形を忘れ,ただ動く。それは自然な身体のエナジーの流れに身を任せるかのごとくである。こうして形という枠組みから放たれ,あるがままに在ることをありありと感じつつ身体を練る。こうした瞑想的稽古もまた,武術修行の味わいの一つである。

Learning a school of a martial art means practicing the school's katas. Martial artists aim to acquire the school's katas passed down for generations, as faithfully as they can, in accordance with their teacher's lessons. Of course, during the passing down from teachers to students, there is a possibility that accumulation of the deviations as the physical characteristics of each person may gradually modify the school's katas. However, if the school rises since it has differences from the other schools, the katas that the founder of the school showed includes the original movements and the theory to explain the movements, which are clearly different from the ones of the other schools. Maintaining this originality means learning the school.

On the other hand, there are essences underlying schools. For instance, as for karate, there is the karate-styled body or the body manipulation characteristic of karate, which is common to all schools of karate. This makes the art karate. Willing to correctly understand and master this essence is learning the art of karate. Here are comparatively few deviations. It is because this is just a secret of the art of karate. Though the words to express it and the way to explain it depend on each successor, it is sure that there are the moves (body manipulations) specific to karate as martial arts, which are sought and learned by karateka.

Apart from this, another dimension on practice of martial arts is to be free from katas. In that case, separately from learning the school's art or the art of karate, practitioners move according to their own body sensations only. This is one kind of meditations. There is no correct answer here. Each person has his/her own movements, and there are large differences between individuals (that is, individual differences). They listen to their own body's voice, and just move according to it. They do not stick to katas, but forget them and just move. It is like they let themselves go with the natural flow of their body's energy. In this way, they would be free from the framework of kata, and cultivate their own body with feeling it as it is. Such meditative practice is also one of the joys of martial arts practice.