慢心や奢りは禁物である。私がどう思われているかに気が回らない人は,人の上には立てない。自らの行いを省みて初めて,善なる行いを心がけられる。善なる行いとはつまり,利他的な行いであり,それが互恵的な社会を生む。互恵的な社会は健全であり,持続する。逆に,利己的な個の集団に平和はない。互いに利益が伴っているうちは良いが,そうでなければ即座に空中分解する。金の切れ目が縁の切れ目とはこのことである。私という個を,マインドフルに距離を置いて客観視する。慢心や奢りがないかを常に見極め,他者のためにあえて損を受け入れる。損得を含むあらゆる価値から逃れ,究極的には,私という一点にさえ心を止めない。つまり,私への執着を捨て切ることである。そうして私へのこだわりを捨てた行為こそが本当の善であり,そういう善なる人に,人はついていく。善なる人についていく人もまた善なる人となる。つまりその社会はまるごと,一切の曇りなく善となる。
Being self-conceited and arrogant should be carefully avoided. A person who can not imagine what he/she is thought of by other people can not take a leading position. We can not do good actions before we reflect on ourselves. Good actions are, in other words, altruistic ones, which lead to reciprocal society. Reciprocal society is healthy and sustainable. Reversely, a group of selfish individuals never has no peace. As long as each of them receive his/her own benefits, they are contented with the group, but if not so, it would get disintegrated soon. This is namely, the end of money is the end of love. You should observe the individual self objectively with a mindful distance. You should always look over self-conceitedness or arrogance, and accept a loss without complaining instead of others. Be free from all of values including gain and loss, and ultimately not be stuck to even a point of the self. Thus, throw away the attachment to the self. The action done when you leave concerns of the self is a genuine good one, and people follow those who do such good actions. Those who follow good people would also become good people. Therefore, the whole society of those people is perfectly good.
A Japanese psychologist and mindful martial artist, SHINTARO YUKAWA's personal essays on martial arts and ways as well as mindfulness, Zen and Tao, written both in Japanese and English. I will explore here the truth and quintessence of martial arts and ways, and hope you will know and share them. マインドフル・マーシャル・アーツ:禅とタオ (湯川進太郎・身体心理学)
March 01, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 31 不動智神妙録を読んで31
自分の利益を第一優先にするような人に,人は集まらない。集まっているとしても,その人たちはいずれも,自分に利益があるから集まっている。だから沢庵は,部下や友人を見ればその人となりが分かると言う。孤高の人という場合はある。その人はただ一人でいることを良しとし,自ら人と交わらないだけである。誰にも迷惑をかけず,自分の欲得のみに正直に生きる。これは全く悪ではない。悪とは,他者が損することを見越して,あるいは他者の犠牲のもとに,自分の利益を第一に追求することである。損得という観点で言えば,損することこそ悟りである。損得という基準を超えて,立場や状況を受け入れられる人はすでに仏である。人の嫌がることを甘んじて受け容れられる人は,誰よりもタオに近い。人間誰しも,自分だけ得をしたくなる気持ちは否めない。だからあえて損しようとする必要はないが,自ら得をしようとはせず,損もまた仕方がないと思えれば,その人はもう悟っている。
No one follows a person whose own benefits are the first priority for him/her. Even though they come together, any of them might be coming together for their own benefits. So, Takuan stated, if you want to understand a person's nature, you should see subordinates or friends of the person. There is a case of a person who is isolated. That person might think of being alone as good for himself/herself, and not just interact with others. He/she does not trouble anyone, but live honestly in his/her own interest. This is not evil at all. Evil is to pursue one's own benefits preferentially on the fact that he/she realize other people will lose by his/her acts, or in other words, on the basis of others' sacrifice. Speaking from the viewpoint of gain and loss, losing is just being enlightened. A person who can accept his/her position and situation beyond the standard of gain and loss has been already Buddha. A person who can accept what other people reject with resignation is near to the Tao than anyone. We can not deny the feeling that we human beings want to gain personal profits only. So, it is not necessary to try to lose, but if a person does not try to gain but think loss is also the part of his/her fate, he/she would have been already enlightened.
No one follows a person whose own benefits are the first priority for him/her. Even though they come together, any of them might be coming together for their own benefits. So, Takuan stated, if you want to understand a person's nature, you should see subordinates or friends of the person. There is a case of a person who is isolated. That person might think of being alone as good for himself/herself, and not just interact with others. He/she does not trouble anyone, but live honestly in his/her own interest. This is not evil at all. Evil is to pursue one's own benefits preferentially on the fact that he/she realize other people will lose by his/her acts, or in other words, on the basis of others' sacrifice. Speaking from the viewpoint of gain and loss, losing is just being enlightened. A person who can accept his/her position and situation beyond the standard of gain and loss has been already Buddha. A person who can accept what other people reject with resignation is near to the Tao than anyone. We can not deny the feeling that we human beings want to gain personal profits only. So, it is not necessary to try to lose, but if a person does not try to gain but think loss is also the part of his/her fate, he/she would have been already enlightened.
February 28, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 30 不動智神妙録を読んで30
善なる人には善なる人が集まり,悪なる人には悪なる人が集まる。ある人を好み慕う人は,その人に似てくる。それが善であれば善であり,悪であれば悪である。沢庵は,悪は悪を徴用するから,物事は結果的に上手くいかないと説く。子は親に似る。それは,親の価値観や行動を「正しい」ものとして内面化するからである。その価値観や行動が,社会的に見て悪であれば,その子は社会的には悪となる。同じように弟子は師匠に似るし,部下は上司に似る。子は親を選べないが,縁や運もありつつも,師匠や上司は選ぶ余地がある。だから芸道の世界ではよく,「良師は三年かけて探せ」と言われる。価値観や行動,思想や術は,誰に教わるかに大きく依存する。親は当然のことながら,導く者としての師匠や上司の責任は大きい。運の悪いことに,付いた師匠や上司が善なる人でないと気づいたら,できるだけ悪に染まらず,いつか導く番になったときに,自ら善なる人として人を導けばよい。
A good person is followed by good ones, while a bad person by bad ones. Those who like a person will become like that one. If he/she be right, they would become right; if he/she be wrong, they would become wrong. Takuan stated, a bad person draw bad ones and as a result, things would not work well. Children become like their parents. It is because they internalize their parents' values and behaviors as "right." If these values and behaviors are socially bad, children will become socially bad. Similarly, students become like their teacher, and subordinates become like their supervisor. Children can not choose their parents, but students or subordinates have a possibility to choose their teacher or supervisor despite that it depends on fate and chance. Therefore, in the worlds of arts, it is often said that "spend three years looking for a good teacher." Values and behaviors, thoughts and arts rely heavily on who teaches. Responsibility of teachers or supervisors as leaders as well as parents is grave. Unfortunately, if you realize your teacher or supervisor is not a good person, you should try not to be steeped in vice as best as you can, and behave a good person when you have a turn leading people.
A good person is followed by good ones, while a bad person by bad ones. Those who like a person will become like that one. If he/she be right, they would become right; if he/she be wrong, they would become wrong. Takuan stated, a bad person draw bad ones and as a result, things would not work well. Children become like their parents. It is because they internalize their parents' values and behaviors as "right." If these values and behaviors are socially bad, children will become socially bad. Similarly, students become like their teacher, and subordinates become like their supervisor. Children can not choose their parents, but students or subordinates have a possibility to choose their teacher or supervisor despite that it depends on fate and chance. Therefore, in the worlds of arts, it is often said that "spend three years looking for a good teacher." Values and behaviors, thoughts and arts rely heavily on who teaches. Responsibility of teachers or supervisors as leaders as well as parents is grave. Unfortunately, if you realize your teacher or supervisor is not a good person, you should try not to be steeped in vice as best as you can, and behave a good person when you have a turn leading people.
February 27, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 29 不動智神妙録を読んで29
私利私欲で動く人に,人はついていかない。あたかも人のためを装って自分のために策を弄する人は,得てして人望がない。騙される人もいるけれども,大概,裏の考えや底の浅さが透けて見えるから,信用を得られない。だから沢庵は,日々の仕事を真摯に行い,家族と誠実に向き合うところから始まり,善なる人として生きよと説く。そうすれば,自ずと周りも善なる人となり,やがて皆が協力しあう平和な世界になる。これは何も,上に立つ者だけの心得ではない。人は生きている限り,私と私を取り巻く世界で成り立っている。その私が善なる人として,私利私欲を捨てて,持ち分の仕事を正しくこなし,周りの人と正しく接すれば,やがて私を取り巻く世界は平和になる。我々人類は,一人一人は個で生きているが,集団として互いに協力し合う互恵性を備えている。確かにその中で一定数,自分だけ得をしようとする利己的な人はいる。しかし,その利己的な人は,おそらく幸せではない。
No one follows those who desire to act only in their self-interest. Individuals who is fond of scheming for themselves under color of altruism often have no popularity. Though some people are fooled by them, in most cases, their underlying thoughts or superficiality can be through, and then they can not gain credit with other people. Therefore, Takuan explained, begin doing your daily pursuits sincerely and facing your family honestly, and live as a good person. If so, people around you naturally would become good ones, and eventually the world would become peace, in which all people would cooperate with each other. This is not always a knowledge for leaders. As long as we human beings live, the reality consists of us and the world around us. If we, as a good person, throw selfishness away, do honestly what we should do, and interact sincerely with those around us, then the world around us would become peace. Each of human beings live individually, but have reciprocity to cooperate with each other in a group of humans. Actually, some people are self-interested, who try to gain just private benefit just for themselves. However, the selfish persons are, maybe, not happy.
No one follows those who desire to act only in their self-interest. Individuals who is fond of scheming for themselves under color of altruism often have no popularity. Though some people are fooled by them, in most cases, their underlying thoughts or superficiality can be through, and then they can not gain credit with other people. Therefore, Takuan explained, begin doing your daily pursuits sincerely and facing your family honestly, and live as a good person. If so, people around you naturally would become good ones, and eventually the world would become peace, in which all people would cooperate with each other. This is not always a knowledge for leaders. As long as we human beings live, the reality consists of us and the world around us. If we, as a good person, throw selfishness away, do honestly what we should do, and interact sincerely with those around us, then the world around us would become peace. Each of human beings live individually, but have reciprocity to cooperate with each other in a group of humans. Actually, some people are self-interested, who try to gain just private benefit just for themselves. However, the selfish persons are, maybe, not happy.
February 25, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 28 不動智神妙録を読んで28
物質はいつか朽ち果て,精神は逐一変化する。物も心も,永遠に同じではありえず,むしろめまぐるしく変わり続ける。自分が置かれている状況が苦しいと,我々はそれが永遠に続くのではないかと懊悩する。客観的には同じ時間でも,主観的には,嫌だと思う時間は長く感じ,楽しいと思う時間は短いと感じる。だから,苦しい時間はまるで永遠に続くように感じてしまう。しかし,微視的に見れば,状況は刻々と変わっている。昨日今日の状況はほとんど違いが分からなくても,1年前や5年前とはかなり異なっているはずである。1年前や5年前に,今の変化を予測し得たであろうか。たとえ頑丈に作られた物でも,10年もすれば色褪せたり壊れたりする。ましてや心は秒刻み分刻みで変わる。たとえば,怒りの感情が沸いたとしても,多くの場合,数秒もすれば冷め始める。物事への好みも,ある人への思いも,永久不変ではない。無常を心得ればこそ,今ここに在ることを味わうことができる。
Matter eventually falls into decay, and mind constantly changes. Both matter and mind can not be same forever, rather, they continue changing incessantly. When we are in a suffering situation, we are distressed at the idea that it continues forever. We subjectively feel one time longer when we think of it as negative, while we feel the other time shorter when we think of it as positive, even if both time is objectively same. Then, we tend to imagine as if the suffering time continues forever. But, seeing microscopically, the situation is changing moment by moment. We can not see the difference between yesterday's situation and today's one, but the difference between one-year or five-years-ago situation and today's one might be extremely large. Could you expect today's change one or five years ago? Even tough things would lose color and break down in 10 years. Still more, our mind changes every second or minute. For example, even when we feel angry, in many cases, anger will begin cooling down in a few seconds. Even preference for things or liking for persons is not unchangeable. If we know Mu-jo (mutability), we can enjoy ourselves in here now.
Matter eventually falls into decay, and mind constantly changes. Both matter and mind can not be same forever, rather, they continue changing incessantly. When we are in a suffering situation, we are distressed at the idea that it continues forever. We subjectively feel one time longer when we think of it as negative, while we feel the other time shorter when we think of it as positive, even if both time is objectively same. Then, we tend to imagine as if the suffering time continues forever. But, seeing microscopically, the situation is changing moment by moment. We can not see the difference between yesterday's situation and today's one, but the difference between one-year or five-years-ago situation and today's one might be extremely large. Could you expect today's change one or five years ago? Even tough things would lose color and break down in 10 years. Still more, our mind changes every second or minute. For example, even when we feel angry, in many cases, anger will begin cooling down in a few seconds. Even preference for things or liking for persons is not unchangeable. If we know Mu-jo (mutability), we can enjoy ourselves in here now.
February 19, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 27 不動智神妙録を読んで27
我々人間の意識は,さまようようにできている。気がつけば過去のことを反すうし,未来のことを心配している。この反すうと心配から離れ,今ここに在ろうとする。それが禅であり,仏教の核心であるマインドフルネスである。沢庵は,過去に心を止めるな,過去を切って捨てよと唱える。もちろん,過去の失敗や間違いを一切顧みなくてよい,という意味ではない。失敗や間違いと正面から向き合い,どうすればそうならないかを思案することは大切である。このとき,思案するなら思案するとして,自覚的に思案するならよい。しかし我々はつい,気づかぬ内に意識がさまよい,今ここでやるべきことがあるのにも関わらず,心が勝手に過去の失敗や間違いを延々と悔やみ続ける。未来への心配もまた同様である。心は知らぬ間に過去や未来に囚われてしまう。この無意識的な自動性から抜け出し,自覚的に過去と未来を思い,自覚的に現在に在るようになる。これが自由自在である。
The consciousness of ours essentially wanders. When we realize, we ruminate about the past and worry about the future. The important thing is trying to be free from this rumination and worry, and be here now. That is Zen, or mindfulness as the core of Buddhism. Takuan asserted, do not be caught by the past but throw it away. Of course, this does not mean we never need to reflect on any failure and mistake of the past. It is important to confront failures and mistakes and consider what we can do to avoid them. At this time, it is all right to consider it intentionally just when we try to do it. But we unintentionally tend to make our mind wander unconsciously and ever continue regretting the failures and mistakes of the past unknowingly, though we have a thing to do here now. Worry of the future is also similar to this. Our mind is unconsciously attached to the past and future. We should be free from this unconscious automatism, be aware of thinking about the past and future, and be in the present mindfully. This is perfect freedom.
The consciousness of ours essentially wanders. When we realize, we ruminate about the past and worry about the future. The important thing is trying to be free from this rumination and worry, and be here now. That is Zen, or mindfulness as the core of Buddhism. Takuan asserted, do not be caught by the past but throw it away. Of course, this does not mean we never need to reflect on any failure and mistake of the past. It is important to confront failures and mistakes and consider what we can do to avoid them. At this time, it is all right to consider it intentionally just when we try to do it. But we unintentionally tend to make our mind wander unconsciously and ever continue regretting the failures and mistakes of the past unknowingly, though we have a thing to do here now. Worry of the future is also similar to this. Our mind is unconsciously attached to the past and future. We should be free from this unconscious automatism, be aware of thinking about the past and future, and be in the present mindfully. This is perfect freedom.
February 16, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 26 不動智神妙録を読んで26
激しくうねる濁流に逆らえば,水の圧力に耐えかねて,破壊されてしまうかもしれない。その場に強引に止まろうとすれば,流れに抗うことになり,流れとまともにぶつかることになる。だからむしろ,作為的な抵抗はせず,あるいはじたばたともがかず,流れを掴んで流れに乗る。そうすれば,水とぶつかることがないので,我が身は安泰である。ただ,こうして流れに乗ることは,単に流されることとは違う。人に言われるがままに,あるいは刹那的な欲望のままに,何も考えずに行動するということではない。場を読み,全体を俯瞰し,状況を考慮して,自覚的に流れに乗る。気づきをもって,今ここでのベクトルを感知し,そのベクトルに逆らうことなく,その指す先へ向かう。どちらが正しい方向かは誰にも分からない。しかし少なくとも,流れはタオに従っている。タオはダルマと言っても良い。私へのこだわりを捨てて,マインドフルな目で流れを読めば,自ずと正しい方向は見えてくる。
If you swim against the hard muddy stream, you could not stand the water pressure and might be destroyed by it. If you try to stay there forcibly, you would fight and knock against the current. Rather, you should not make an intentional stand nor struggle, but catch and go with the flow. If so, you would not collide with the water and then you would be safe. But remember, going with the flow in this way is different from just being carried away by the flow. It is not to behave thoughtlessly as requested or depending on your momentary desires. Observe the scene, overlook the whole, consider the situation, and go with the flow consciously. With awareness, perceive the here-now vector, do not go against it but go toward the destination it points. Nobody knows which direction is correct. But at least, the flow follows the Tao. The Tao also can be said to be the Dharma. Abandon the attachment to self, read the flow with mindful eyes, then you can see the correct direction.
If you swim against the hard muddy stream, you could not stand the water pressure and might be destroyed by it. If you try to stay there forcibly, you would fight and knock against the current. Rather, you should not make an intentional stand nor struggle, but catch and go with the flow. If so, you would not collide with the water and then you would be safe. But remember, going with the flow in this way is different from just being carried away by the flow. It is not to behave thoughtlessly as requested or depending on your momentary desires. Observe the scene, overlook the whole, consider the situation, and go with the flow consciously. With awareness, perceive the here-now vector, do not go against it but go toward the destination it points. Nobody knows which direction is correct. But at least, the flow follows the Tao. The Tao also can be said to be the Dharma. Abandon the attachment to self, read the flow with mindful eyes, then you can see the correct direction.
February 11, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 25 不動智神妙録を読んで25
ここに在ろうと思って在るのではなく,ただ自然にここに在る。これが究極である。すなわち,上手にやろうと思って上手にやるのではなく,ただ自然に上手にやる。勝とうと思って勝つのではなく,ただ自然に勝つ。常に気を引き締めて緊張していれば,誰でも身が持たない。また,緊張し過ぎて固くなっては,自由自在に動けない。自分の力を存分に発揮するためには,常に柔らかく弛緩しつつ,どんな状況にも対応できる準備状態でいるようにする。そのように難事に素早く対応するためには,囚われのない澄んだ心で俯瞰的に集中している必要がある。つまり,集中しつつ弛緩する。これが奥義である。沢庵は,修行の初期こそ心を保ちここに在るよう稽古するが,やがてはその心を放ち自然にここに在るようにするのが究極だと言う。それはまさに,集中しつつ弛緩する状態である。この一見真逆に思える矛盾した状態を全身でもって実現する,実現しようと修行するのが,禅であり武道である。
Not be here now by trying to be here new, but just be here now naturally. This is ultimate. Likewise, not do fine by trying to do fine, but just do fine naturally. Not win by trying to win, but just win naturally. If anybody is always tension by bracing his/her nerves, nobody will be able to keep his/her health. Additionally, if you are too tension and stiff, you can not move freely. In order to exert your utmost ability, be relaxed softly and ready to cope with any situation. It is necessary to both concentrate on and look over these difficulties with the unattached clear mind for coping with them quickly. That is, concentrate and relax. This is the secret. Takuan stated that, practitioners should keep their mind and be here now intentionally at the beginning, but later what they should do ultimately is to release their mind and be here now naturally. That is just a state to be concentrating and relaxing. To actualize or try to actualize this seemingly opposite and contradict state with your entire mind and body is Budo as well as Zen.
Not be here now by trying to be here new, but just be here now naturally. This is ultimate. Likewise, not do fine by trying to do fine, but just do fine naturally. Not win by trying to win, but just win naturally. If anybody is always tension by bracing his/her nerves, nobody will be able to keep his/her health. Additionally, if you are too tension and stiff, you can not move freely. In order to exert your utmost ability, be relaxed softly and ready to cope with any situation. It is necessary to both concentrate on and look over these difficulties with the unattached clear mind for coping with them quickly. That is, concentrate and relax. This is the secret. Takuan stated that, practitioners should keep their mind and be here now intentionally at the beginning, but later what they should do ultimately is to release their mind and be here now naturally. That is just a state to be concentrating and relaxing. To actualize or try to actualize this seemingly opposite and contradict state with your entire mind and body is Budo as well as Zen.
February 07, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 24 不動智神妙録を読んで24
仕事や家庭で,何か問題が起こったとする。その問題は問題として目の前に現れているが,その問題を生み出している原因がすべて目に見えるとは限らない。何か悩みを相談されたとする。その悩みは悩みとして語られるれども,その悩みを作りだしている原因は,当人がすべて分かっているとは限らない。問題や悩みそのものばかりに気を取られれば,本質が見えず,なんら解決に至らない。本質を見極めるためには全体を俯瞰しなければならない。沢庵は,心を放て,という言葉を引く。心を放つことで,問題や悩みを多角的多面的に捉えることができる。それは水のごとく柔らかく心を遊ばせることである。水のごとく柔らかくしておけば,偏った見方や考えに染まることはない。取り組むべき一点に全力で集中する力はもちろん大切である。ただそこから自在に離れる術も身に付けておかなければ,一つの考えに囚われる,一面的にしか見えていない,ということもあると心得ておくべきである。
Something wrong happens at work or family-life. That problem appears in front of you as "a problem," but you can not necessarily see all reasons to cause the problem. Someone consults with you about his/her trouble. That trouble are talked to you as "a trouble," but he/she can not necessarily know all reasons to cause the trouble. If your attention are caught by only the problem or trouble itself, you would not be able to see the essence and reach any solution. If you want to grasp the essence, you need to overlook the whole. Takuan quoted the words "let the mind go." Letting the mind go enables you to grasp the problems or troubles multidirectionally and multifacetedly. It is similar to letting the mind wander softly like water. If you keep your mind soft like water, you would never be caught by biased viewpoints or thoughts. The ability to focus all of your power on a point to deal with is, of course, important. But, remember that if you do not have a skill to leave from it freely, you often would be stuck to one thought or would see it only from one side.
Something wrong happens at work or family-life. That problem appears in front of you as "a problem," but you can not necessarily see all reasons to cause the problem. Someone consults with you about his/her trouble. That trouble are talked to you as "a trouble," but he/she can not necessarily know all reasons to cause the trouble. If your attention are caught by only the problem or trouble itself, you would not be able to see the essence and reach any solution. If you want to grasp the essence, you need to overlook the whole. Takuan quoted the words "let the mind go." Letting the mind go enables you to grasp the problems or troubles multidirectionally and multifacetedly. It is similar to letting the mind wander softly like water. If you keep your mind soft like water, you would never be caught by biased viewpoints or thoughts. The ability to focus all of your power on a point to deal with is, of course, important. But, remember that if you do not have a skill to leave from it freely, you often would be stuck to one thought or would see it only from one side.
February 03, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 23 不動智神妙録を読んで23
一切は空と知り,空なのだから,空へのこだわりを捨てよ。これが沢庵の言葉である。武術は元より,あらゆる営みにおいて,それに没入することが良い結果や好成績を収めることが多い。心理学では,この状態を「フロー」と言う。フローとは,仏教で言えば「三昧」に近い。すなわち,今ここのそれになりきった没我の状態を指す。ただ,この没我の状態は時に恍惚感や全能感を生むことがある。スポーツや仕事ならばこれで良い。しかし修行となると話が少し違ってくる。この恍惚感と全能感を悟りと勘違いすることは「魔境」と呼ばれ,禅では厳しく戒めている。魔境に至ることなく,今ここに在り続ける。そのためには常に観の目を保つことである。一切すべてを捨てつつ,しかし,我を忘れることはない。気づきをもって自由に在り続ける。何にも囚われることなく,今ここの営みにおいて,三昧へと至る。もしそれが修行であるならば,同時に覚めていなければならない。
Understand everything is Ku (vanity or emptiness), and throw away the attachment to Ku because everything is Ku. This is what Takuan stated. Concerning every activities as well as marital arts, being absorbed in it often results in good results or high performance. In psychology, this state is called "flow." Flow is near "san-mai" in Buddhism. That is, both means the state of self-effacement to be perfectly as here now. But, this state of self-effacement sometimes brings a feeling of ecstasy or omnipotence. This is all right in sports and jobs. But, it is a little bad in discipline. Mistaking these feelings of ecstasy and omnipotence for enlightenment is called "ma-kyo," which is strictly cautioned in Zen Buddhism. Do not go to ma-kyo, but remain existing here now. In order to be in that way, always keep the eye of open monitoring. Throw everything away, but do not forget yourself. Be freely here now with awareness. Not be attached to anything, attain san-mai in the here-now activity. If it is discipline, you need to be aware of it.
Understand everything is Ku (vanity or emptiness), and throw away the attachment to Ku because everything is Ku. This is what Takuan stated. Concerning every activities as well as marital arts, being absorbed in it often results in good results or high performance. In psychology, this state is called "flow." Flow is near "san-mai" in Buddhism. That is, both means the state of self-effacement to be perfectly as here now. But, this state of self-effacement sometimes brings a feeling of ecstasy or omnipotence. This is all right in sports and jobs. But, it is a little bad in discipline. Mistaking these feelings of ecstasy and omnipotence for enlightenment is called "ma-kyo," which is strictly cautioned in Zen Buddhism. Do not go to ma-kyo, but remain existing here now. In order to be in that way, always keep the eye of open monitoring. Throw everything away, but do not forget yourself. Be freely here now with awareness. Not be attached to anything, attain san-mai in the here-now activity. If it is discipline, you need to be aware of it.
January 29, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 22 不動智神妙録を読んで22
集中力は重要である。しかし,集中力だけでは限界がある。例えば,怒りの感情をうまくマネジメントしたいとする。人との関わりの中で,相手の落ち度や責任や悪意についての思考を燃料にして,我々の怒りは沸騰し続けてしまう。これをマインドフルネス的にしのごうとするならば,注意(意識)の方向を自分の呼吸に戻し,自分が今ここに在ることを確かめ,寄せては返す思考の波に飲み込まれないようにする。これが集中瞑想によって養おうとする集中力である。これはこれで相当の効果を発揮する。しかし,大波が何度も寄せてくれば,集中力はやがて限界を迎え,気づかない内に荒波にもまれてしまう。だから,気づきをもって波と私を観察する力が必要となる。沢庵の言葉でなぞらえれば,雀を目の前にして解き放たれた猫の様子を,落ち着いてじっくり縁側から眺めるかのようである。ただし,この観察力は集中力が基盤となって初めて養うことができる。ここの順序を間違えてはいけない。
Concentration is important. But, we can not exceed a limit only by concentration. For example, we want to manage our emotion of anger well. In interpersonal relationships, we tend to remain angry by thinking about an opponent's blame, responsibility, and malice. If we try to manage this feeling by mindfulness, we should direct attention back to our own breath, ascertain that we are here now, and keep being not caught up in the restless waves of thoughts. This is concentration cultivated by focused attention meditation. It exhibits a significant effect by itself. But, if big waves surge many times, our concentration would reach a limit sooner or later, and we would be unknowingly buffeted by the rough waves. Then, we need to have an ability to monitor the waves as well as ourselves with awareness. Compared to what Takuan stated, it is like looking out the window calmly and steadily at the released cat in front of a sparrow. But this ability to monitor openly can not be developed before gaining the ability to focus attention. Don't fail to follow this order.
Concentration is important. But, we can not exceed a limit only by concentration. For example, we want to manage our emotion of anger well. In interpersonal relationships, we tend to remain angry by thinking about an opponent's blame, responsibility, and malice. If we try to manage this feeling by mindfulness, we should direct attention back to our own breath, ascertain that we are here now, and keep being not caught up in the restless waves of thoughts. This is concentration cultivated by focused attention meditation. It exhibits a significant effect by itself. But, if big waves surge many times, our concentration would reach a limit sooner or later, and we would be unknowingly buffeted by the rough waves. Then, we need to have an ability to monitor the waves as well as ourselves with awareness. Compared to what Takuan stated, it is like looking out the window calmly and steadily at the released cat in front of a sparrow. But this ability to monitor openly can not be developed before gaining the ability to focus attention. Don't fail to follow this order.
January 25, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 21 不動智神妙録を読んで21
マインドフルネス瞑想(仏教瞑想)には,二側面あるいは二段階ある。それは止観,つまり,止行と観行のことであり,前者が集中瞑想(サマタ瞑想),後者が観察瞑想(ヴィパッサナー瞑想)に当たる。瞑想によって気づきを得ることが仏道の核心だとすれば,止と観をひたすら実践することが修行となる。このとき,まずは止行によって集中力を養う。具体的には呼吸に意識を向け続ける。この集中力を基盤として,呼吸のみならず身体全体へと意識を拡げていく。このとき,どこにも意識を止めることなく,身体全体を観察する。これが観行である。沢庵の言う「敬」とはまさに止行における心構えのことであり,いわば仏教瞑想の前半,あるいは基盤といえる。本質はさらにそこから観行へと移っていかなければならない。集中力は必要不可欠である。しかし,集中力だけでは世界を正しく捉えることはできない。バイアスのない観察力をもって世界を眺めてこそ,気づきを得ることができる。
Mindfulness meditation (Buddhism meditation) consists of two aspects or two steps. These are shikan; shi-gyo and kan-gyo, the former is focused attention meditation (samatha) and the latter open monitoring meditation (vipassana). Attaining awareness through meditation is the essence of Buddhism, and then their practice means executing shi and kan continuously. Here, the first thing they do is to develop concentration by shi-gyo. Concretely speaking, what they do is to continue directing consciousness on breathing. Based on this concentration, they would extend their consciousness to not only breathing but also all over the body. At this time, they should not be attached to anywhere, but monitor the whole body openly. This is kan-gyo. "Kei" stated by Takuan is just an attitude in shi-gyo, that is to say, the first half or the base of Buddhism meditation. Essentially, then they need to transfer from shi-gyo to kan-gyo. Concentration is indispensable. But, we can not understand the world in a right way only by concentration. Just observing the world with no bias enables us to attain awareness.
Mindfulness meditation (Buddhism meditation) consists of two aspects or two steps. These are shikan; shi-gyo and kan-gyo, the former is focused attention meditation (samatha) and the latter open monitoring meditation (vipassana). Attaining awareness through meditation is the essence of Buddhism, and then their practice means executing shi and kan continuously. Here, the first thing they do is to develop concentration by shi-gyo. Concretely speaking, what they do is to continue directing consciousness on breathing. Based on this concentration, they would extend their consciousness to not only breathing but also all over the body. At this time, they should not be attached to anywhere, but monitor the whole body openly. This is kan-gyo. "Kei" stated by Takuan is just an attitude in shi-gyo, that is to say, the first half or the base of Buddhism meditation. Essentially, then they need to transfer from shi-gyo to kan-gyo. Concentration is indispensable. But, we can not understand the world in a right way only by concentration. Just observing the world with no bias enables us to attain awareness.
January 08, 2019
After Reading Takuan: Part 20 不動智神妙録を読んで20
我々は普段,何かをしようと思って何かをする。例えば,手を上げようと思って手を上げる。戦いの場面であれば,敵を突こうと思って突く。切ろうと思って切る。しかし,沢庵はこれを戒める。何かをするとき,しようとさえ思わず,すでにしているその人こそその道の達人名人なのだと説く。しようという思いそれ自体が引っかかりとなって,自然で滑らかな動きを妨げることになる。実際,相手を強く突こうと思えば思うほど力みが出て,かえって強く突けない。だから,「突く」という作為的な意思なく突けていることが理想である。実は我々の身体も,本当は意思を必要としていない。手を上げようと思うごくわずか前に,すでに脳は手を上げる信号を発していることが,実験的に証明されている。我々は,自分自身の自由な意思のもとで手を動かしていると錯覚しているだけなのである。しようと思う意思(私)を手放していく。それが武道の目指すところであり,仏道の目指すところである。
We usually do something with the intention of doing it. For example, we raise our hand with the intention of raising it. In a case of fighting, we punch the enemy by the intention of punching him/her. We cut the enemy down by the intention of cutting him/her down. But, Takuan cautioned against this. He explained, it is a master or expert in the way who have done something with no intention when he/she must do it. The thought to intend to do itself is an obstacle, and prevents us from moving naturally and smoothly. Actually, the more strongly we want to punch an opponent, the more tense we become, and then we can not punch him/her strongly. Therefore, it is ideal to have punched him/her without an intentional thought to "punch." in reality, such intentional thought is not necessary for our soma. Researchers has found experimentally that our brain has generated a signal to raise the hand immediately before we have the thought to do it. We just have an illusion to make ourselves think that we move our hand of our own free will. Let go of the will (or "I") to intend to do something. That is the aim of Budo as well as Buddhism.
We usually do something with the intention of doing it. For example, we raise our hand with the intention of raising it. In a case of fighting, we punch the enemy by the intention of punching him/her. We cut the enemy down by the intention of cutting him/her down. But, Takuan cautioned against this. He explained, it is a master or expert in the way who have done something with no intention when he/she must do it. The thought to intend to do itself is an obstacle, and prevents us from moving naturally and smoothly. Actually, the more strongly we want to punch an opponent, the more tense we become, and then we can not punch him/her strongly. Therefore, it is ideal to have punched him/her without an intentional thought to "punch." in reality, such intentional thought is not necessary for our soma. Researchers has found experimentally that our brain has generated a signal to raise the hand immediately before we have the thought to do it. We just have an illusion to make ourselves think that we move our hand of our own free will. Let go of the will (or "I") to intend to do something. That is the aim of Budo as well as Buddhism.
December 27, 2018
After Reading Takuan: Part 19 不動智神妙録を読んで19
武術の達人と相対すれば,攻撃はすべて柔らかく吸収され,気がつけばすっかり制されてしまっていることだろう。それはまるで空気と戦っているかのようなものである。当てようと思っても当てられず,触れたかと思えばいなされ,投げられ,倒される。真に達人ともなれば,剛に対して剛で応ずることなく,柔でもって敵をさばく。それはまるで沢庵の言う,水の上の瓢箪のようである。押されればひらりと躱し,自在に動き,しかしいつまでもそこに在る。何とかしようとしても何ともならない。決して力任せに従わせることはできない。瓢箪を押す手とは,すなわち敵の攻撃である。敵の攻撃とは要するに,欲である。欲とは,私へのこだわりである。私へのこだわりが,私の自在な動きを止める。武術の達人が攻撃をふわりと避けるが如く,悟りへと辿り着いた人は私を含めた一切合切に囚われずマインドフルにただそこに在る。その自由自在な姿は,極めて武術的である。
If you confront a master of martial arts, all of your attacks will be absorbed softly, and you will become perfectly under the control of him/her in the blink of an eye. It is just as if you fight with the air. Whenever you try to hit him/her, you will not be able to do it. Immediately after you feel you touch him/her, you will be parried, thrown, and knocked down. True masters of martial arts would control enemies, who try to attack them by the hardness, by not the hardness but the softness. That is just like a gourd on the water, explained by Takuan. A master or gourd will parry and move freely whenever pushed, but remain there. Even if you try to make him/her obey, you can not exactly do that. You never enable him/her obey you forcibly. The hand to push a gourd is namely the attack of an enemy. The attack of an enemy is namely desires. Desires means attachment to the self. It makes you stop moving freely. As if a master of martial arts evade the attack softly, a person who have attained enlightenment would not be attached to everything including the self mindfully but remain there simply. That state with perfect freedom is completely like martial arts.
If you confront a master of martial arts, all of your attacks will be absorbed softly, and you will become perfectly under the control of him/her in the blink of an eye. It is just as if you fight with the air. Whenever you try to hit him/her, you will not be able to do it. Immediately after you feel you touch him/her, you will be parried, thrown, and knocked down. True masters of martial arts would control enemies, who try to attack them by the hardness, by not the hardness but the softness. That is just like a gourd on the water, explained by Takuan. A master or gourd will parry and move freely whenever pushed, but remain there. Even if you try to make him/her obey, you can not exactly do that. You never enable him/her obey you forcibly. The hand to push a gourd is namely the attack of an enemy. The attack of an enemy is namely desires. Desires means attachment to the self. It makes you stop moving freely. As if a master of martial arts evade the attack softly, a person who have attained enlightenment would not be attached to everything including the self mindfully but remain there simply. That state with perfect freedom is completely like martial arts.
December 22, 2018
After Reading Takuan: Part 18 不動智神妙録を読んで18
何か気になることや心配なことがあると,我々はついそれに注意が向いてしまい,他の物事に眼が行かなくなってしまう。仕事やスポーツのように,一点に集中すべきときにすべての意識をそこに注ぎ込むのは良い。しかし,そうでないときに何かに心が囚われていると,注意を即座に転換できず,何かが起きたときにすぐ対応できない。また,我々人間はそもそも,周囲の物事に対して,自分の興味関心に従って選択的に注意を向けている。なぜなら,認知的な処理資源には容量,つまり限界があるからである。気になることや心配なことは,注意をそこに固着してしまうのと同時に,この限られた認知的資源を消費してしまう。だから気にしないでおこうと心に思うのだが,その思い自体,認知的資源を使っていることになる。沢庵は,それにさえも使わないようにせよと助言する。そうすれば,限られた認知資源をフル活用できる。それこそが本当の意味での,無心の状態である。
When we are concerned or worried about something, we unintentionally pay attention to it, and become blind to the other things. It is not problematic to devote all of our attention to a point we should concentrate on, like jobs and sports. But otherwise, if we are attached to something, we could not switch our attention quickly and cope with happenings rapidly. In addition, we human beings primarily pay selective attention to things around us according to our own interests. It is because there is a capacity or limitation in our cognitive processing resources. Something concerned or worried makes us not only stuck to it but also expend the limited cognitive resources on it. So, we have an idea that we should not be concerned or worried, but the idea itself consumes the cognitive resources. Takuan advised not expending the cognitive resources on even the idea. If so, we can make full use of the limited resources. That is the true meaning of the state of mushin (no-mindedness).
December 12, 2018
After Reading Takuan: Part 17 不動智神妙録を読んで17
よく「無心になって」とか「無我の境地で」と言うが,我々人間は生きている限り無(ゼロ)になることはない。沢庵は,石や木のように心や私が無いわけではない,と例える。心の中では常に何かが巡り,私は私として厳然とここに在ると感じることに変わりはない。しかし,その心の中に巡る何かに囚われないことを無心と言い,私に囚われないことを無我と言う。囚われないとは,こだわらないことである。こだわらなければ,自在に動くことができる。そうやって何かへのこだわりを一切捨てることがマインドフルな状態であり,禅の目指すところである。それはまさに無為自然な状態と言えよう。作為なく自在に動くことができれば,千変万化する状況の中,水のごとく臨機応変に振る舞うことができるようになる。一方で,あらゆるこだわりを捨てていくことで,やがて欲が減り,結果的に苦も減っていく。つまりストレスが低減していく。これがブッダの示した方法である。
We often hear "have no-mindedness" or "be in a state of selflessness," but we human beings cannot become nothing (zero) as long as we are alive. Takuan used a metaphor that we are not like a stone or tree which has no mind or no self. There are always some things wandering in our mind, while we constantly feel that we clearly exist here as ourselves. But, to be free from things wandering in our mind is called mu-shin (no-mind), and to be free from ourselves is called mu-ga (no-self). To be free is to be not attached. Non-attachment allows us to move freely. In this way, to leave all what we are attached to is to be mindful, or the aim of Zen. It can be exactly said to be unintentional and natural. If we can move unintentionally and freely, we could behave flexibly like water in ever-changing situations. On the other hand, throwing all of attachments away leads to decrease of desires, which results in decrease of sufferings. That is to say, reduction of stress. This is the method Buddha presented.
We often hear "have no-mindedness" or "be in a state of selflessness," but we human beings cannot become nothing (zero) as long as we are alive. Takuan used a metaphor that we are not like a stone or tree which has no mind or no self. There are always some things wandering in our mind, while we constantly feel that we clearly exist here as ourselves. But, to be free from things wandering in our mind is called mu-shin (no-mind), and to be free from ourselves is called mu-ga (no-self). To be free is to be not attached. Non-attachment allows us to move freely. In this way, to leave all what we are attached to is to be mindful, or the aim of Zen. It can be exactly said to be unintentional and natural. If we can move unintentionally and freely, we could behave flexibly like water in ever-changing situations. On the other hand, throwing all of attachments away leads to decrease of desires, which results in decrease of sufferings. That is to say, reduction of stress. This is the method Buddha presented.
December 04, 2018
After Reading Takuan: Part 16 不動智神妙録を読んで16
道家の極意は水である。なぜなら,水はタオに最も近いからである。どんなところへも流れていき,何かがあれば柔らかく変化して躱していく。しかし,いったん塊となれば強大な力を瞬間的に発揮し,また,一滴一滴の力は長い年月をかけて固い岩をも穿つ。山の泉は川となり,やがて大海へと至る。さらには,環境に応じて液体にも固体にも気体にもなる。臨機応変・自由自在に変化して,いついかなる状況にもしなやかに対応する。沢庵の説くところでは,水は水でも,氷(固体)のままではいけない。氷のままでは固まってしまって,いざというときに身動きが取れないからである。だから液体である水のごとく,千変万化な状況に応じる心が,仏家・禅家の狙うところとなる。広げて言えば,水でも氷でも水蒸気でも,環境に応じて在れば何だって良い。何かである必要はない。何かであらねばならないと思う心もまた,我々を居着かせる。そこをも離れてこそ,本当の無為自然である。
The secret of Taoists is water. It is because water is the nearest to the Tao. Water flows to anywhere, and evades anything softly and flexibly. But, if it becomes a mass, it will demonstrate a mighty power in a moment, while the power of drops of water will wear a hard stone spending a long time. Springs in mountains become a river and eventually reach to the sea. In addition, it changes into a liquid, solid, or gas according to environment. It changes resourcefully and freely, and then cope with any situations elastically. Takuan explained, water should be water, not be ice. Remaining ice means being so solid that we can not move quickly in time of need. Therefore, the aim of Buddhists or Zen Buddhists is to have a mind of coping with ever-changing situations like liquid water. In a broad sense, it would be all right if it exists in accordance with circumstances, as water, ice, or vapor. It does not need to be something. The mind to think that we have to be something also makes us attached to it. Just leaving even it is being truly unintentional and natural.
The secret of Taoists is water. It is because water is the nearest to the Tao. Water flows to anywhere, and evades anything softly and flexibly. But, if it becomes a mass, it will demonstrate a mighty power in a moment, while the power of drops of water will wear a hard stone spending a long time. Springs in mountains become a river and eventually reach to the sea. In addition, it changes into a liquid, solid, or gas according to environment. It changes resourcefully and freely, and then cope with any situations elastically. Takuan explained, water should be water, not be ice. Remaining ice means being so solid that we can not move quickly in time of need. Therefore, the aim of Buddhists or Zen Buddhists is to have a mind of coping with ever-changing situations like liquid water. In a broad sense, it would be all right if it exists in accordance with circumstances, as water, ice, or vapor. It does not need to be something. The mind to think that we have to be something also makes us attached to it. Just leaving even it is being truly unintentional and natural.
November 25, 2018
After Reading Takuan: Part 15 不動智神妙録を読んで15
武術は,形(型)を練ることが稽古の本体である。形を練ることで古の偉大なる武人達の身体を今この瞬間に再体験しながら,我が身を武術的身体へと変えていくのが武術本来の修行である。この中で,例えば,突く動作をするときに拳にだけ意識を向けてはいけない。突くという動作は,足先から頭の先まで全身が全体として動作して初めて成立する。こうして全身を意識し,連動する身体を感じながら練ることで,突き一つの修行となる。形には,その連動性のメカニズムが詰まっている。古の武人による身体知の結晶であり,これを丁寧に象ることで武術的身体となっていく。だから稽古では,内なる身体という宇宙へと意識を向ける。どこにも意識を止めることなく,かつ,どこにも意識を向けていく。こういう稽古を地道に続けることで,やがて自然に,意識が凝らない柔らかな状態になっていく。すると,日常生活も同じく,意識の凝らない柔らかな心持ちになっていく。これが武道である。
In martial arts, practicing Kata is the true form of its training. It is the original practice of martial arts that is, through practicing Kata, to experience the body of ancient great masters at the present moment and change our own body into the body of martial arts. In doing this, for example, we must not focus on only the fist when we do an act of punching. The act of punching can not be executed before the whole body from top to toe works totally. In this way, being aware of the whole body and practicing kata by feeling the coordinating body refines the training of a punch. Kata contains various mechanisms of the body coordination. Kata is the embodiment of somatic knowledge cultivated by ancient martial artists, and tracing it carefully enables our body to become marital gradually. Therefore, in the practice of martial arts, focus attention to the cosmos of the inner body. But, never keep consciousness on anywhere, while distribute consciousness over everywhere. Consistently continuing such practice as this leads naturally to the softer state in which we have a consciousness attached to nothing. Then, similarly in everyday life, your mind will become soft and non-attached. This is Budo.
In martial arts, practicing Kata is the true form of its training. It is the original practice of martial arts that is, through practicing Kata, to experience the body of ancient great masters at the present moment and change our own body into the body of martial arts. In doing this, for example, we must not focus on only the fist when we do an act of punching. The act of punching can not be executed before the whole body from top to toe works totally. In this way, being aware of the whole body and practicing kata by feeling the coordinating body refines the training of a punch. Kata contains various mechanisms of the body coordination. Kata is the embodiment of somatic knowledge cultivated by ancient martial artists, and tracing it carefully enables our body to become marital gradually. Therefore, in the practice of martial arts, focus attention to the cosmos of the inner body. But, never keep consciousness on anywhere, while distribute consciousness over everywhere. Consistently continuing such practice as this leads naturally to the softer state in which we have a consciousness attached to nothing. Then, similarly in everyday life, your mind will become soft and non-attached. This is Budo.
November 16, 2018
After Reading Takuan: Part 14 不動智神妙録を読んで14
心をどこか一点に止めず,広い視野と柔らかい足腰を持つ。これは何も敵と対峙した戦いの場のみに限らない。日常生活や仕事の場でも,その場の状況を取り巻く様々な物事や人間関係への目配りを怠らないことが大切である。もちろん,余所事に気を取られず,今まさに目の前のやるべきことに集中することが第一である。ただ,そうありつつも,そこから全く離れられなくなってはいけない。それは「居着き」と呼ばれ,武術では戒められる。注力すべきところに集中しつつも常に鳥瞰的な感度は保ち,何かあればいつでもそこを離脱できる用意をしておく。事も人も,様々な何かとつながり,常に変化している。想像力と感受性でもって,できる限り場を広く捉え,つながりと変化を見極める。もちろん上手くいかないことも,失敗することもある。しかしそれでも広い視野と柔らかい足腰を保てば,事態はやがて好転するにちがいない。下手や失敗を悔い続けることもまた,「居着き」である。
We should not fix our mind to a point somewhere, but have a comprehensive perspective and soft footwork. This is not limited especially within a situation of confronting enemies. Even in the cases of both daily and professional situations, it is important to keep a watchful eye over various things and interpersonal relations around the present situations. Of course, the first thing is to concentrate on what you have to do in front of you at present, without being distracted by the other things. But, when doing so, you must not getting unable to leave from what you do at present. That is called "itsuki," which is cautioned in martial arts. Not only focus on what you should pour efforts on, but also always keep a bird's eye sensitivity and be ready to get detached from it whenever something happens. Both occurrences and humans are related to various things and ever changing. With imagination and sensitivity, grasp the situation as broadly as possible and find out both the relationships and changes. Of course, sometimes it doesn't go well, and sometimes it come to no good. But then, if you have a comprehensive perspective and soft footwork, the situation must get better soon. To continue regretting your poorness and failure in the past is also "itsuki."
We should not fix our mind to a point somewhere, but have a comprehensive perspective and soft footwork. This is not limited especially within a situation of confronting enemies. Even in the cases of both daily and professional situations, it is important to keep a watchful eye over various things and interpersonal relations around the present situations. Of course, the first thing is to concentrate on what you have to do in front of you at present, without being distracted by the other things. But, when doing so, you must not getting unable to leave from what you do at present. That is called "itsuki," which is cautioned in martial arts. Not only focus on what you should pour efforts on, but also always keep a bird's eye sensitivity and be ready to get detached from it whenever something happens. Both occurrences and humans are related to various things and ever changing. With imagination and sensitivity, grasp the situation as broadly as possible and find out both the relationships and changes. Of course, sometimes it doesn't go well, and sometimes it come to no good. But then, if you have a comprehensive perspective and soft footwork, the situation must get better soon. To continue regretting your poorness and failure in the past is also "itsuki."
November 08, 2018
After Reading Takuan: Part 13 不動智神妙録を読んで13
意思でもって心を制御しようとするのは,想像以上に難しい。例えば,考えたくない思考や感情を心の中から無理矢理押し出そうとすればするほど,皮肉にも考えてしまう。これを逆説的効果と言う。そうして悪戦苦闘するかと思えば,気がつくと知らぬ間に,我々の心はその場と関係のないことをあれこれ考え始める。これはマインドワンダリングと呼ばれる。マインドフルネスとは集中力と観察力を養うことで,勝手に駆け回る心と上手に付き合う術である。まず呼吸の一点に意識を向け続けて,集中力を身に付ける。さまよいに気づいたら再び呼吸に戻る。これによって徐々に心がさまよいにくくなったり,嫌な思考や感情が勝手に消えていったりする。しかしこれはあくまで修行の前半である。集中力を身に付けたら,徐々に一点集中からその観察対象を身体全体へと広げる。やがてその場をも含む世界全体を見渡す俯瞰的な視野を得る。この集中と観察こそが,修行者の武と生を豊かにする。
Controlling the mind on one's own will is more difficult than we expected. For example, the more we forcibly push unwanted thoughts and emotions out of the mind, ironically the more we think about these thoughts and emotions in the mind. This is called paradoxical effect. Though we fight desperately against them, on the other hand, we unconsciously begin thinking about this and that, which is not related to the present task or situation in front of us. This is referred to as mind-wandering. Mindfulness is an art to get along with the uncontrollable galloping mind by cultivating the ability to concentrate and observe. First, continue to pay attention to one point --- your breath --- for improving concentration. When you are aware of your wandering mind, pay attention back to your breath again. By practicing this, gradually, your mind will hardly wander, or bad thoughts and emotions in your mind will disappear without your intention. But, this is actually the first half of the mindfulness practice. After you learn the skill to concentrate, gradually broaden your attention from the one point --- your breath --- to your whole body. Then, acquire a comprehensive perspective to overview the whole world including the present task or situation in front of you. This concentration and observation just enriches the practitioners' martial art and life.
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